Improvement in artificial-stone pavements



s. s; INGALLS.

Artificial-Stone Pavements.

Patented April 14,1874.

NOA 19,658,

UNITED STATES Par FFIGEC SAMUEL S. INGALLS, OF OHIOAGO, ILLINOIS.

I'MPROVEMENT IN ARTIFlCIAbSTONE PAVEMENTS.

Speoification forming part of 'Letters Patent No. 149,658, dated April14,1874; application filed September 19, 1873.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, SAMUEL S. INGALLS, ofChicago, county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new anduseful Improve. ment in the. Formation of Sidewalks of Portland Gementor Artificial Stone, of which the following is a full, clear, and eXactdescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawing making partof this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a plan or top View of asection of my improved Walk, broken away in part for the purpose ofshowing the interlocking spurs and grooves. Fig. 2 represents a verticalsection through the same. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of one of theblocks detached, showing a groove formed upon one side, and a rib orspur upon the other side. d

p similar letters of reference denote corresponding parts wherever used.

My invention relates to a novel construction or method of forming thesections or blocks of artificial-stone or cement pavement as they arelaid, whereby, after they becomehardened or set, they are prevented frombecoming uneven, or from being thrown out of a common plane on theirsnrface, by the action of frost or from other cause; and consists inproviding the blocks, in the process of laying, withinterlocking spursand soclets or tongues and grooves, by which means all relativemovementof the blocks to each other at the edges or joints iseffectually prevented.

In the accompanying drawiugs, A represents a forming-block, made of woodor other suitable material, consisting of a series of triangular or halfblocks connected together, forming salient angles a, as shown, of aboutninety degrees, with the two faces converging thereto, provided withtongues or spurs a'. These tongues or spurs a' are, by preference, made,say,'fro1n one and one-fourth to one and one-half inch in width, andfrom one-half to fiVe-eighths of one inch in depth, and in the convex orsemi-elliptical form shown, but may,

. of course, be Varied, according to the size of stone or blocks to belaid, and eXtending to within two to four inches of the angles of thesquares, leaving straight Vertical joints at such corners or angles. a

With these blocks arranged with the points a touching the eurb or borderof the pavement on one side, the cement or composition to form the blockB is introduced, and, being firmly pressed and compacted within andbetween the forming-blocks and the curb, reoeives the impression fromand has grooves b formed within its edges, corresponding to the tonguesupon the forming-blocks. After the formingblocks A are removed, andwhile the edges of the blocks B are still wet, they are sprinkled withair-slaked lime, or some equivalent material, which will adhere readilyWhile the blocks are wet, while at the same time it prevents the too iclose adherence of the adjoinin g blocks, and provides for the slighteXpansion of the blocks. The forming-blocks A, after being removed, areagain placed in position, with the points a opposite and touching thoseof the blocks last laid, and with the tongues facing grooves iu suchblocks; and the process is repeated until the pavement is completed, oruntil all except the portion represented by the forming-blocks at theedges is laid, which are afterward filled, When such blocks are removed.

Removable strips may be employed, in connection with the forining-blocksA, when layin g the last row or series of full blocks B, in such mannerthat, When said strips are withdrawn from between the forming-blocks andthe curb, the formingblocks can be backed ont, and their place, as alsothat of the removable strips referred to, can then be filled in with thecement, thus completing the pavement.

In practice, I usually employ beveled strips O, provided with a flap orapron, O'; the strips O for forming an open-surface joint between theadjacent blocks, to be filled with a narrow strip, of difi'erent coloror different material, to represent the line of cement or mortar betweenA blocks of solid stone, and the apron O', where difierent colors areused, to prevent discoloration of one block while layin g another ad jacent thereto. e

Where the open joints are left, as described, these are filled with thedesired material by the use of slotted plates D, placed with the slot dover and coinciding with the open joint, and through which the desiredmaterial is pressed into and made to fill said joint, as shown, theplate D preventing the discoloration of the edges of the blocks.

The blocks B may, of Course, be made in any usual or preferred form, andmay be made of any of the usual or known materia-Is for form ing blocksof artificial stone.

Having now described my nvention, What I claim as new, and desire toSecure by Letters Patent, as an improvement in sidewalks of artficialstone, is

The blocks B, of artificial stone, provided with interlocking tongues a'and grooves b,

formed iu the process of layng, substantially as described.

In testimony Whereof I have hereunto set my band.

SAMUEL S. INGALLS. Witnesses:

A. W. GRAY, M. D., CHAS. SABIN.

